Relaxation / massage
Massages are used for therapeutic purposes in many cultures. There is now an almost unmanageable range of different massage techniques. The effects on the body can vary depending on the type of massage. One common feature is that the skin, muscles and connective tissue are mechanically influenced. This influence is achieved through pressure, stretching or pulling stimuli. The various massage techniques stimulate blood circulation in the skin and muscles. In addition, the cell metabolism in the tissue is stimulated and the blood pressure and pulse rate are lowered. Massaging the skin and muscles also has a relaxing effect on them. Furthermore, hardening in the muscles can be loosened as well as adhesions. Accordingly, a massage can also have a pain-relieving effect. However, not only the body, but also the mind finds a massage relaxing, as the gentle touch can reduce stress. It should be noted that a massage can have a positive effect not only on the area directly treated, but also on the entire organism. The massage is also said to have a beneficial effect on the internal organs via so-called reflex arcs. Massage should be avoided in the case of acute inflammation, skin diseases, traumatic injuries or open wounds.
The most commonly used methods are:
Swedish massage
Swedish massage encompasses classic massage, sports massage and deep tissue massage. The aim is to treat knots (trigger points) and tension in the muscles as well as musculoskeletal disorders. Five different massage techniques are used: Effleurage (stroking), pertissage (kneading), friction (rubbing), tapotement (tapping) and vibration (trembling).
Sports massage: This is a supplement to classic massage. This form of massage is specifically tailored to the needs of the athlete (and their problem areas). A sports massage is usually more vigorous than a conventional massage, as it is assumed that an athlete is particularly robust. The stronger massage ensures that the skin is particularly well supplied with blood. In sport, massages are often used after hard exertion. Long and intensive massages should only be carried out one hour after exercise. Lighter massages, for example with massage balls, can be used immediately after exercise. However, they can also be used during training to increase the effectiveness of training. Massage can also be used to prepare for a competition, as the massage loosens and passively warms up the muscles.
Thai massage
Individual points on the body's energy lines are treated to release tension and hardening. The therapist uses their thumbs, palms, elbows or even their feet to do this.
Shiatsu
Shiatsu (Japanese: pressure with the fingers) combines acupressure techniques (finger pressure massage) with modern massage techniques such as stretching or joint rotation. This form of massage is based on the same principles as acupuncture: the pressure points are located on energy lines, known as meridians, which run throughout the body.
Foot reflexology
This is based on the assumption that the entire body and its organs are depicted on the sole of the foot. Touching and massaging certain pressure points on the sole of the foot and the toes has a stimulating effect on various parts of the body and organs.
Herbal stamp massage
The body is massaged with warm oils and hot herbal stamps (herbs wrapped in cotton fabric). The stroking of the meridian points leads to relaxation and balance.
Ayurveda massage
The body is gently massaged with herbal oils and rhythmic strokes.
Hot stone massage
The body is massaged with oil and round, smooth stones heated to around 60 degrees. The heat has a pleasant effect, relieves tension and stimulates blood circulation.